2026 Conference on Physics and AI (PAI26)

Paper

Authors

1. Emulating Cosmic Structure Formation with a Lagrangian Neural Cellular Automaton

Cooper Jacobus | Beatriz Tucci | Oliver Philcox

2. SEAL: A Symmetry Encouraging Loss for High Energy Physics

Inbar Savoray | Pradyun Hebbar | Thandikire Madula | Vinicius Mikuni | Benjamin Nachman | Nadav Joseph Outmezguine

3. Corruption Structure Determines Failure Mode in MRI Reconstruction: A Controlled Measurement-Space Analysis

Poojak Patel | Maneth Perera

5. Towards Improved Pileup Rejection through Physics-Informed Denoising of Cryogenic Bolometer Pulses

Colin James DuHamel | Thomas Gutierrez | Sumona Mukhopadhyay

6. Scalable Neural Decoders for Practical Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computation

Andi Gu | Juan Pablo Bonilla Ataides | Mikhail Lukin | Susanne Yelin

7. Quantifying Astrophysical Scattering With Transformers: Generic Mixture Density Network for FRB Analysis

Bikash Kharel | Emmanuel Fonseca | Srinjoy Das

8. Learning Transverse Momentum Distributions from Raw Scattering Events via Conditional Diffusion

Jitao Xu | Christina Cocuzza | Kevin Braga | Daniel Lersch | Nobuo Sato | Yaohang Li

9. Differentiable Tactical Optimization of Aerial Wildfire Suppression

ION MATEI | Maksym Zhenirovskyy | Takuya Kurihana | Rohit Vuppala | Anthony Wong

10. Th229-ScanBench: A Public Dataset and Benchmark for Time-Varying Signal Detection in Thorium-229 Nuclear Clock Records

Nurkyz Ydyrysova

11. Neutrino Fingerprints: Image-Based Encodings of IceCube Events for CNN Direction Reconstruction

Brecht F. Verbeken | Floriano Tori

12. From Active Stars to Black Holes II: Discovery of H$\alpha$ Emission in Ultra-Low Resolution Gaia XP Spectra with Machine Learning

Antonio C. Rodriguez | V Ashley Villar | Edo Berger | Valeria Villa

13. DEMNet: Evaluating Solar Differential Emission Measure Inversion with Deep Learning

V. Samuel Pérez-Díaz | Ruoyu Wang | Karin Dissauer | K.D. Leka | David Fouhey

14. JetMAE Decoding Jet Identity: How Colour Factors Explain 96% of a Neural Tagger’s Decisions

SAMARJEET MALIK | Mugdha Raje Ashiya | Dr. Gaurav Harit | Mansi Ganga Nayak

15. PanopTag: Simultaneously Tagging All Jets in a Particle Collision Event

Umar Sohail Qureshi | Brendon Bullard | Ariel Schwartzman

16. Graph Attention Interaction Networks and Particle Tracking at LDMX

Majd Ghrear | Elizabeth Berzin | Lauren Tompkins | Matt Graham

17. Normalizing Flows to Reconstruct Pseudo-PDFs

Yamil Cahuana Medrano | Kostas Orginos

18. Characterizing Stellar Streams with Error-Aware Machine Learning

Alexandros Pratsos | Biprateep Dey | Ting Li

19. Neural Compression for Scientific Particle Data: Perspectives on How Learning Can Help

Tian Qiu | Carolina Cuesta-Lazaro | Sheng Di | Haewon Jeong

20. Integral Field Unit Spectroscopy with One Fiber

Zehao Peng | Biprateep Dey | Joshua S. Speagle | Chris J. Maddison

21. Exploring the connection between optical and X-ray emissions in Active Galactic Nuclei

Rebeka Bottger | Rocco Di Tella | Carol Cuesta-Lazaro | Jason R. Reeves | Nico Cappelluti | Juan Rafael Martínez-Galarza

22. Differentiable Simulation for Calibration and Reconstruction of Optical Particle Detectors

Omar Alterkait | César Jesús Valls

23. Deriving an Analytical Expression for the Rise of Type Ia Supernovae with Symbolic Regression

Mark Kanex | Qinan Wang

24. Physics-Guided Implicit Neural Representations for Gamma-Ray Burst Localization with COSI

Srinadh Reddy Bhavanam | Marco Ajello | Mark Leising | Dieter Hartmann | Yong Sheng | Christopher Karwin

Paper

Authors

1. Chain-of-Thought Physics Benchmark for Reasoning Models

Filomela V. Gerou | Nesar Soorve Ramachandra | Azton Wells

2. The Galaxy's Guide to the Tokenizer: A Benchmark for Scientific Foundation Models

Sogol Sanjaripour | Michael J. Smith | Manuel Ignacio Pérez-Carrasco | Juan Rafael Martínez-Galarza | Bahram Mobasher | E. Gabriela Canalizo

3. MadEvolve: Evolutionary Optimization of Cosmological Algorithms with Large Language Models

SHIHUI ZANG | Tianyi Li | Moritz Münchmeyer

4. CaloRex: From Self-Supervised Representation Learning to Fast Calorimeter Simulation

Cheng Jiang | Sitian Qian | Huilin Qu

5. Do Vision-Language Models See Dwarf Galaxies the Way We Do?

Dimitrios Tanoglidis | Chin Yi Tan | Kate Overdeck | Alex Drlica-Wagner

6. Fine-Tuning Small Reasoning Models for Quantum Field Theory

Nathaniel S. Woodward | Zhiqi Gao | Yurii Kvasiuk | Kendrick Smith | Frederic Sala | Moritz Münchmeyer

7. A Pilot Study of Discourse Structure in AI-Generated Introductory Physics Explanations

Abdul Mohammad

8. LLM-Powered Automation of a Dark Matter Constraint Repository

Lanqing Yuan

9. Neural Scaling Laws for Jet Tagging with Particle Transformers

Sitian Qian | Cheng Jiang | Alexandre De Moor | Pavlo Kashko | Ya-Feng Lo

10. Predictable scaling for amplitude surrogates

Victor Breso Pla | Henning Bahl | Anja Butter

11. Quasar: An AI-Powered Research Assistant for Astronomy Archive Workflows

Adam Zacharia Anil | Adele L. Plunkett | Stella S. R. Offner | Brian S. Mason

12. Cross-Domain Transfer with Particle Physics Foundation Models: From Jets to Neutrino Interactions

Gregor Kržmanc | Vinicius Mikuni | Benjamin Nachman | Callum Wilkinson

13. Beyond Point Estimates: Benchmarking Uncertainty Quantification Methods on the AION-1 Astronomical Foundation Model

Karla Tame-Narvaez | Aleksandra Ciprijanovic | Shubhendu Trivedi

14. A Scientific Human-Agent Reproduction Pipeline

Dennis Noll | Joschka Birk | Gregor Kasieczka | Benjamin Nachman | Siddharth Mishra-Sharma | Tanvi Wamorkar

15. AI Agents Can Already Autonomously Perform Experimental High Energy Physics

Eric A. Moreno | Samuel Bright-Thonney | Andrzej Novak | Dolores Garcia | Philip Harris

16. Agentic-AI Detector Co-design and Optimization in Vertically-Integrated Differentiable Full Simulations

Wonyong Chung | Julia Gonski | Qibin Liu | Liangyu Wu

17. Simulation-Based Inference with Balanced Neural Ratio Estimators: A Standardized Pipeline with Agent-Assisted Workflows

Diego González-Hernández | Kathlynn Simotas | Joseph Hennawi

18. Advection Heads in an Atmosphere Foundation Model

Theodore MacMillan | Elias Huseby | Sho Takatori | Nicholas Ouellette

19. Improving Compute-Optimal Scaling for Jet Classification with BSM Pretraining

Jan-Lucas Uslu | Kevin Greif | Benjamin Nachman

20. Decoding Feynman: A Cognitive Knowledge Graph for Physics Reasoning and Education

Jawwad Shadman Siddique

21. LORE: A Deployed AI Agent for Physics Experiment Documentation

Axel Ramirez

22. Agentic AI for Cross-Disciplinary Next-Generation Gravitational-Wave Forecasting

Zihan Zhou | Digvijay Wadekar

23. Microlensing Detection and Inference via Learned Bayes Factors

Nolan Smyth | Laurence Perreault-Levasseur | Yashar Hezaveh

24. A Modernized, AI-Ready Polarized Electron-Positron Dataset

Chi Lung Cheng, Benjamin Nachman, Simon Corrodi, Timothy Hobbs, Alaettin Serhan Mete

Paper

Authors

1. Generative Criticality in Large Language Model Temperature Scaling

Huajian Ruan | Jinyang Li | Xingyu Guo | Lingxiao Wang

2. Reservoir Computing: From Classical Edge of Chaos to Quantum Dynamical Phases

Lili Ye | Ying-Cheng Lai

3. Dynamical Regimes of Multimodal Diffusion Models

Emil Albrychiewicz | Li-Ching Chen | Andrés Franco Valiente

4. Learning at the Edge: Tailed-Uniform Sampling for Robust Simulation-Based Inference

Chaipat Tirapongprasert | Matthew Ho

5. DegenDetector: Symbolic Recovery of Parameter Degeneracies in Bayesian Posteriors

Chaipat Tirapongprasert | Matthew Ho

6. Reweighting Adversarial Networks for Unbinned Unfolding

Umar Sohail Qureshi | Krish Desai | Benjamin Nachman | Jesse Thaler

7. Evaluating Operators for Acoustic Wave Simulation Correction

Pascal Tribel | Gianluca Bontempi

8. Tools for Unbinned Unfolding

Ryan Milton | Vinicius Mikuni | Trevin Lee | Miguel Arratia | Tanvi Wamorkar | Benjamin Nachman

9. AI-Assisted Development of a PDE Solver for CMB Spectral Distortions

Ethan Baker | Hongwan Liu | Siddharth Mishra-Sharma

10. Explicit or Implicit? Encoding Physics at the Precision Frontier

Tanvi Wamorkar | Victor Breso Pla | Kevin Greif | Vinicius Mikuni | Benjamin Nachman | Tilman Plehn | Daniel Whiteson

11. When Independent Gaussian Models Break Down: Characterizing Regime-Dependent Modeling Failures in $\phi^4$ Theory

Anish Bhat | Ryo Ide | Zihan Zhao

12. Learning What's Real: Disentangling Signal and Measurement Artifacts in Multi-Sensor Data, with Applications to Astrophysics

Pablo Mercader-Perez | Carolina Cuesta-Lazaro | Daniel Muthukrishna | Jeroen Audenaert | V Ashley Villar | David W Hogg | Marc Huertas-Company | William T. Freeman

13. Covariant Contrastive Learning for Uncertainty-Aware Anomaly Detection

Shelley Tong | Gaia Grosso | Philip Harris

14. Capturing non-Markovian dynamics in non-equilibrium stochastic systems using flow matching

Bhargav Sriram Siddani | John B. Bell | Alejandro L. Garcia | Ishan Srivastava

15. GraphGP: Scalable Gaussian Processes with Vecchia's Approximation

Benjamin Dodge | Philipp Frank | Susan E. Clark

16. Automatic discovery of local learning rules

Andrea Perin | Fabio Anselmi | Stephane Deny

17. Renormalization Phenomenology in LLM Agent Memory Compression: Scaling Laws, Fixed Points, and Anomalous Summarization

Yankang Meng

18. Learning to See Sharper: A Physics-Informed Artificial Intelligence Framework for Super-Resolving Galaxy Spectra

Aryana Haghjoo | Shoubaneh Hemmati | Bahram Mobasher

19. Prior Dependence in Neural Ratio Estimation

Nabil Salama | Po-Wen Chang | Katherine Fraser | Benjamin Nachman

20. Detecting LLM Hallucination on Dynamical Systems via Physics-Based Audit Signals

Ahmad A Rushdi

21. LLM-Discovered Curvature-Sensitive Growth in Continuous Cellular Automata

Hong Zhe

22. Sampling the Schwinger Model with Gauge-Equivariant Diffusion

Octavio Vega, Aida El-Khadra

23. Graph Neural Networks for the Graphical Bootstrap

Rigers Aliaj | Gabriele Dian | Reza Doobary | Paul Heslop