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Global Perspectives

AI Sovereignty’s Definitional Dilemma
Juan N. Pava, Caroline Meinhardt, Elena Cryst, James Landay
Feb 17, 2026
News
illustration showing world and digital lines and binary code

Governments worldwide are racing to control their AI futures, but unclear definitions hinder real policy progress.

News
illustration showing world and digital lines and binary code

AI Sovereignty’s Definitional Dilemma

Juan N. Pava, Caroline Meinhardt, Elena Cryst, James Landay
Global PerspectivesGovernment, Public AdministrationRegulation, Policy, GovernanceFeb 17

Governments worldwide are racing to control their AI futures, but unclear definitions hinder real policy progress.

The 2026 US Talent Report: Benchmarking America’s STEM Pipeline Amid the Great Talent Competition
Emerson Johnston, Amy Zegart
Quick ReadSep 28, 2026
White Paper

This report assesses America's ability to develop, attract, and retain STEM talent and warns that its advantages over China are narrowing rapidly.

White Paper

The 2026 US Talent Report: Benchmarking America’s STEM Pipeline Amid the Great Talent Competition

Emerson Johnston, Amy Zegart
Workforce, LaborGeopolitics and International SecurityGlobal PerspectivesQuick ReadSep 28

This report assesses America's ability to develop, attract, and retain STEM talent and warns that its advantages over China are narrowing rapidly.

The Commercial Landscape of AI Sovereignty Offerings
Caroline Meinhardt, Juan N. Pava, Caroline Yee, James Landay
Deep DiveJul 15, 2026
Issue Brief

This brief surveys the commercial AI sovereignty market and argues that policymakers should focus on calibrating interdependence rather than pursuing full self-sufficiency.

Issue Brief

The Commercial Landscape of AI Sovereignty Offerings

Caroline Meinhardt, Juan N. Pava, Caroline Yee, James Landay
Geopolitics and International SecurityGlobal PerspectivesIndustry, InnovationDeep DiveJul 15

This brief surveys the commercial AI sovereignty market and argues that policymakers should focus on calibrating interdependence rather than pursuing full self-sufficiency.

How Can AI Support Language Digitization and Digital Inclusion?
Juan N. Pava, Thomas S. Mullaney, Caroline Meinhardt, Audrey Gao, Diyi Yang
Deep DiveFeb 26, 2026
White Paper

This white paper analyzes the varying ways AI tools can advance language digitization work, and provides recommendations for responsibly realizing the potential of AI in supporting the digital inclusion of digitally disadvantaged languages.

White Paper

How Can AI Support Language Digitization and Digital Inclusion?

Juan N. Pava, Thomas S. Mullaney, Caroline Meinhardt, Audrey Gao, Diyi Yang
Ethics, Equity, InclusionGlobal PerspectivesNatural Language ProcessingDeep DiveFeb 26

This white paper analyzes the varying ways AI tools can advance language digitization work, and provides recommendations for responsibly realizing the potential of AI in supporting the digital inclusion of digitally disadvantaged languages.

Beyond DeepSeek: China's Diverse Open-Weight AI Ecosystem and Its Policy Implications
Caroline Meinhardt, Sabina Nong, Graham Webster, Tatsunori Hashimoto, Christopher Manning
Deep DiveDec 16, 2025
Issue Brief

Almost one year after the “DeepSeek moment,” this brief analyzes China’s diverse open-model ecosystem and examines the policy implications of their widespread global diffusion.

Issue Brief

Beyond DeepSeek: China's Diverse Open-Weight AI Ecosystem and Its Policy Implications

Caroline Meinhardt, Sabina Nong, Graham Webster, Tatsunori Hashimoto, Christopher Manning
Foundation ModelsGeopolitics and International SecurityGlobal PerspectivesDeep DiveDec 16

Almost one year after the “DeepSeek moment,” this brief analyzes China’s diverse open-model ecosystem and examines the policy implications of their widespread global diffusion.

Moving Beyond the Term "Global South" in AI Ethics and Policy
Evani Radiya-Dixit, Angèle Christin
Quick ReadNov 19, 2025
Issue Brief

This brief examines the limitations of the term "Global South" in AI ethics and policy, and highlights the importance of grounding such work in specific regions and power structures.

Issue Brief

Moving Beyond the Term "Global South" in AI Ethics and Policy

Evani Radiya-Dixit, Angèle Christin
Ethics, Equity, InclusionGlobal PerspectivesQuick ReadNov 19

This brief examines the limitations of the term "Global South" in AI ethics and policy, and highlights the importance of grounding such work in specific regions and power structures.

All Work Published on Global Perspectives

Policy Implications of DeepSeek AI’s Talent Base
Amy Zegart, Emerson Johnston
Quick ReadMay 06, 2025
Policy Brief

This brief presents an analysis of Chinese AI startup DeepSeek’s talent base and calls for U.S. policymakers to reinvest in competing to attract and retain global AI talent.

Policy Implications of DeepSeek AI’s Talent Base

Amy Zegart, Emerson Johnston
Quick ReadMay 06, 2025

This brief presents an analysis of Chinese AI startup DeepSeek’s talent base and calls for U.S. policymakers to reinvest in competing to attract and retain global AI talent.

Foundation Models
Geopolitics and International Security
Global Perspectives
Workforce, Labor
Policy Brief
Mind the (Language) Gap: Mapping the Challenges of LLM Development in Low-Resource Language Contexts
Juan N. Pava, Caroline Meinhardt, Haifa Badi Uz Zaman, Toni Friedman, Sang T. Truong, Daniel Zhang, Elena Cryst, Vukosi Marivate, Sanmi Koyejo
Deep DiveApr 22, 2025
White Paper

This white paper maps the LLM development landscape for low-resource languages, highlighting challenges, trade-offs, and strategies to increase investment; prioritize cross-disciplinary, community-driven development; and ensure fair data ownership.

Mind the (Language) Gap: Mapping the Challenges of LLM Development in Low-Resource Language Contexts

Juan N. Pava, Caroline Meinhardt, Haifa Badi Uz Zaman, Toni Friedman, Sang T. Truong, Daniel Zhang, Elena Cryst, Vukosi Marivate, Sanmi Koyejo
Deep DiveApr 22, 2025

This white paper maps the LLM development landscape for low-resource languages, highlighting challenges, trade-offs, and strategies to increase investment; prioritize cross-disciplinary, community-driven development; and ensure fair data ownership.

Ethics, Equity, Inclusion
Global Perspectives
Natural Language Processing
White Paper
Response to USAID's Request for Information on AI in Global Development Playbook
Caroline Meinhardt, Toni Friedman, Haifa Badi Uz Zaman, Daniel Zhang, Rodrigo Balbontín, Juan N. Pava, Vyoma Raman, Kevin Klyman, Marietje Schaake, Jef Caers, Francis Fukuyama
Mar 01, 2024
Response to Request

Scholars respond to a federal RFI on AI in global development, calling for an approach that is grounded in local perspectives and tailored to Global Majority country circumstances.

Response to USAID's Request for Information on AI in Global Development Playbook

Caroline Meinhardt, Toni Friedman, Haifa Badi Uz Zaman, Daniel Zhang, Rodrigo Balbontín, Juan N. Pava, Vyoma Raman, Kevin Klyman, Marietje Schaake, Jef Caers, Francis Fukuyama
Mar 01, 2024

Scholars respond to a federal RFI on AI in global development, calling for an approach that is grounded in local perspectives and tailored to Global Majority country circumstances.

Global Perspectives
Response to Request
Enhancing International Cooperation in AI Research: The Case for a Multilateral AI Research Institute
Daniel Zhang, Christie M. Lawrence, Michael Sellitto, Russell Wald, Marietje Schaake, Daniel E. Ho, Russ Altman, Andrew Grotto
Deep DiveMay 01, 2022
White Paper

This white paper proposes a Multilateral AI Research Institute (MAIRI) that would provide a venue for force-multiplying AI research and development collaboration among like-minded countries.

Enhancing International Cooperation in AI Research: The Case for a Multilateral AI Research Institute

Daniel Zhang, Christie M. Lawrence, Michael Sellitto, Russell Wald, Marietje Schaake, Daniel E. Ho, Russ Altman, Andrew Grotto
Deep DiveMay 01, 2022

This white paper proposes a Multilateral AI Research Institute (MAIRI) that would provide a venue for force-multiplying AI research and development collaboration among like-minded countries.

Geopolitics and International Security
Global Perspectives
White Paper